Incendios forestales y diversidad de avifauna en un parque urbano andino de Quito, Ecuador
Incendios forestales y diversidad de avifauna en un parque urbano andino de Quito, EcuadorArticle Sidebar
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With the objective of evaluating the effects of a wildfire on avian diversity, abundance, and functional organization in Guangüiltagua Metropolitan Park, Quito, Ecuador. A burned site (~52 ha) was compared with an unburned reference site using fixed-radius point counts (20 m) and mist-netting over eight weeks. Species richness, abundance, diversity indices (Shannon-Wiener, Simpson, Pielou), and trophic guild composition were analyzed using Hutcheson's t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. The burned area exhibited higher diversity (H'=2.29 vs 1.10; p<0.05) and abundance (215 vs 79 individuals). Jaccard similarity was low (0.22), indicating high species turnover. Nectarivorous and terrestrial granivorous guilds showed significant differences (p<0.05), benefiting from early post-fire regeneration. Conclude wildfire promoted temporary reorganization of the avian community, favoring species associated with early-successional resources. These findings underscore the importance of successional processes in managing Andean urban ecosystems.
Con el objetivo de evaluar los efectos de un incendio forestal sobre la diversidad, la abundancia y la organización funcional de la avifauna en el Parque Metropolitano Guangüiltagua, Quito, Ecuador. Se comparó un sitio afectado (~52 ha) con uno no afectado mediante conteos por punto de radio fijo (20 m) y capturas con redes de neblina durante ocho semanas. Se analizaron la riqueza, la abundancia, los índices de diversidad (Shannon-Wiener, Simpson, Pielou) y la composición de los gremios tróficos mediante pruebas de Hutcheson y de Wilcoxon. El área quemada presentó mayor diversidad (H'=2,29 vs 1,10; p<0,05) y abundancia (215 vs 79 individuos). La similitud de Jaccard fue baja (0,22), indicando un alto recambio de especies. Los gremios nectarívoro y granívoro terrestres mostraron diferencias significativas (p<0,05), favorecidos por la regeneración temprana post-incendio. Se concluye que el fuego promovió una reorganización temporal de la comunidad avifaunística, favoreciendo especies asociadas a recursos de regeneración temprana. Estos hallazgos resaltan la importancia de los procesos sucesionales en el manejo de ecosistemas urbanos andinos.
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