Optimizing planting density in NFT systems: Maximizing the productive efficiency of Lactuca sativa L. in inter-Andean valleys
Optimización de la densidad de siembra en sistemas NFT: Maximizando la eficiencia productiva de Lactuca sativa L. en valles interandinosMain Article Content
Optimizing planting density is a key factor in maximizing efficiency in nutrient film hydroponic systems. Objective: To determine the effect of different planting densities on the yield and morphological characteristics of hydroponic lettuce in the Huánuco Valley, Peru. Methods: A completely randomized design with four replications was used. Results: Highly significant differences (p < 0.01) were found in all variables. Treatment T3 (250,000 plants/ha) yielded the highest production (34,691.74 kg/ha) and the best fresh weight per plant (208.15 g). In contrast, the highest density (T4) resulted in a reduction in total yield due to severe competition, also inducing excessive leaf elongation (18.13 cm) as a shade avoidance mechanism. Conclusions: A density of 250,000 plants/ha optimizes spatial productivity without compromising the vegetable's commercial standards.
La optimización de la densidad de siembra es un factor determinante para maximizar la eficiencia en sistemas hidropónicos de técnica de película de nutrientes. Objetivo: determinar el efecto de diferentes densidades de siembra en el rendimiento y las características morfológicas de la lechuga hidropónica en el Valle de Huánuco, Perú. Métodos: Se empleó un diseño completamente al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Resultados: mostraron diferencias altamente significativas (p < 0.01) en todas las variables. El tratamiento T3 (250,000 plantas/ha) obtuvo el mayor rendimiento con 34,691.74 kg/ha y el mejor peso fresco por planta (208.15 g). En contraste, la densidad más alta (T4) provocó una reducción del rendimiento total debido a la competencia severa, induciendo además un alargamiento foliar excesivo (18.13 cm) como mecanismo de evasión de sombra. Conclusiones: una densidad de 250,000 plantas/ha optimiza la productividad espacial sin comprometer los estándares comerciales de la hortaliza.
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